Inositol

Role in Health

TBD

Types of inositol

TBD

Phytic acid

TBD

Synthesis

TBD: description and illustration

Genes

TBD

Regulation

TODO: Gsk3b activates synthesis

Inositol inhibits autophagy

On the other hand, lithium induced autophagy independently of mTOR through the inhibition of inositol monophosphatase (IMPase). IMPase catalyzes the hydrolysis of inositol monophosphate (IP1) into free inositol required for the phosphoinositol signaling pathway.

Lithium affects this pathway by inhibiting IMPase, leading to free inositol depletion, which in turn decreases myo-inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) levels (Figure 2).

Increased inositol or IP3 levels inhibit autophagy, which reverse lithium’s effect. IP3 and the stimulation of its receptor have been seen to suppress autophagy.

Inositol depletion is a common mechanism of mood-stabilizing drugs such as lithium, carbamazepine (CBZ) and valproic acid (VPA).

Consistent with the role of inositol depletion in autophagy regulation, CBZ and VPA also enhanced the clearance of aggregate-prone proteins. (R2)