Research Notes by Sergey
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November 9, 2021
  • #Fear extinction
  • #Beta-catenin
  • #WNT
  • #Methylation

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References

WNT methylation: Link between methylation potential and fear extinction

Fascinating role of beta-catenin in fear extinction and interactions with endocannabinoid system - R1.

Secondly, Wnt pathway that controls beta-catenin depends on methylation of arginine by PRMT1 - R2.

This probably sounds irrelevant, so I should explain.

The Nrf2 pathway that many already know about controls cellular response to oxidative stress by increasing expression of genes of the anti-oxidant system.

Nrf2 protein is inhibited by GSK3b protein which is active normally and can become overactive if not inhibited by several pathways, such as PI3K/Akt (e.g. when insulin arrives, warning about upcoming glucose burn) and by Wnt pathway.
So when either Akt or Wnt are weakened, GSK3b is not inhibited enough and inhibits Nrf2 which impairs cellular response to upcoming or happening oxidative stress.

Akt signalling depends on Chromium sufficiency, and now Wnt signalling depends on methylation capacity of arginine residues of the protein.

The first study also reveals that Wnt is required for fear extinction - that’s basically a mechanism to prevent or eliminate PTSD and anxiety if we simplify.
That is, methylation capacity is related to fear extinction and susceptibility to anxiety.

If you haven’t read about Wnt pathway and its role in diseases, I recommend doing so.

References

1
Role of beta-catenin and endocannabinoids in the nucleus accumbens in extinction in rats exposed to shock and reminders
2017
2
Canonical Wnt is inhibited by targeting one-carbon metabolism through methotrexate or methionine deprivation
2019
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