Role of Vanadium in Akt signalling

In the context of improving Akt signaling, three other nutrients are important (in addition to myristic acid):

1. Inositol is used to form phosphatidylinositol, a fatty acid molecule incorporated into the membrane and used as a signaling messenger. It is the messenger that signals Akt to send the signal down the line.

2. Chromium is a mineral that binds to a protein called chromodulin, which can carry up to four chromium atoms. It appears to amplify the signaling of insulin receptors and Akt.

3. Vanadium is a mineral that is currently understudied. It appears to amplify Akt and other related pathways, but there is a lack of studies, so we can only guess what it does exactly. However, it has been shown that the addition of vanadate salts to cells improves certain signaling pathways.
   Specifically on the picture below, Vanadium has activatory effect on Glycogen Synthase (glycogen is depleted in OCD brains) and inhibitory effect on proteins that inhibit Akt. So it must be important for Akt signalling.

If you look at the picture, you can see that vanadium affects all the needed pathways to lower GSK3b activity when signals arrive from outside.

Credit: Vanadium in Biological Action: Chemical, Pharmacological Aspects, and Metabolic Implications in Diabetes Mellitus, 2019 (R1)

Perhaps depletion of these three nutrients could lead to psychiatric disorders caused by high oxidative stress.